Western Front
Germans shoot down 3 BEF Second Army balloons, 2 more subsequently. Independent Jagdgeschwader 1 of Jasta 4, 6, 10 and 11 formed under Richthofen (returned from 6 week leave on June 14) with c.50 fighters.
Destroying the heavily-defended balloons called for a high degree of courage, and there were some pilots specializing in the work. One such was Heinrich Gontermann, who accounted for 18 before being killed: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...r-DrI.jpg?ssl=1
Artois: BEF First Army advances astride river Souchez as Germans retreat before 46th Division’s attacks (night June 24-25).
Portuguese sentries at the front line near Neuve Chapelle: © IWM (Q 6442): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...593575998676992
French troops reverse German gains made near Vauxaillon and take ground near Moisey Farm.

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary: Count Czernin ‘We could have a separate peace with England in 8 days. It would be a momentary salvation, but … the certain ruin of the dynasty.’
Russia: Mutiny of the Russian Black Sea Fleet ends after Admiral Alexander Kolchak is removed from command.
France: Soldiers of the South African Native Labour Corps doing a “Zulu war dance” for sports day at Dannes: © IWM (Q 2388): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...638885923893248
Ireland: 1 man is killed and several injured as Sinn Feiners and British police clash in Cork. Recruiting stations are attacked.
Serbia: Dragutin Dimitrijevic, leader of the Serbian Black Hand terrorist society which orchestrated Archduke Ferdinand’s assassination, is executed: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...563378477838336
M. Nikola Pashich forms new Serbian Government.
United States: The $400,000,000 U.S.A. Liberty Loan largely over-subscribed.
Greece: (Originally reported yesterday, but two sources state today, with further details as follows): Prime Minister Zaimis resigns, will not recall Venizelist-dominated Chamber of 13 June 1915.
Netherlands: British and German delegates on Prisoners of War question meet at The Hague.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
The contingent of regular United States troops arriving in France (see May 19th) reaches approximately 14,000 personnel.
Aisne: French capture ‘Dragons’s cave’ near Hurtebise.
Canadian troops advance on a 1.5-mile front southwest of Lens, while British troops carry out raids along a 45-mile front.

Southern Front
Trentino: At 0230 hours surprise Austrian attack by 7 battalions with 103 guns and mortars in close support recaptures all 3 Mt Ortigara heights and repulses 7 Alpini battalions in evening (and on June 26). Italian losses 5,633 men (including c.1,800 PoWs).
Austrian 10cm M10 mountain howitzer in action: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...t-how.jpg?ssl=1

Naval and Overseas Operations
Black Sea: The Turkish cruiser Medilli (formerly the German cruiser Breslau) destroys Russian radio station and lighthouse on Fidonisi Island.
Adriatic: Vice-Admiral Cerni becomes Italian Fleet C-in-C under Revel’s supervision.
Britain: Admiralty forms Convoy Section to provide escorts and organize ‘evasive routing’ based on Room 40 intelligence. Room 40 now sending 66 special telegrams per month based on German codes or signals, especially from radio-happy U-boats via 40 British Isles intercept stations (11 later in Mediterranean) which often fix their bearings.

Political, etc
Germany: Recall of German Minister to Norway, consequent on bomb plot. (Bomb plot? What bomb plot? A search revealed this: http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/5544504 from August, 1917, which states that such was discovered in “July”: I think the paper is in error about the timing, and this incident occurred in June, 1917).
United Kingdom: Young workers at a boiler smith shop at the Royal Naval College at Dartmouth: © IWM (Q 53980): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...940873823854593
United States: American Red Cross raises $100 million after an 8-day fundraising campaign to prepare for the U.S. entrance into the war.
Spain: Spain institutes martial law to control socialist demonstrations and agitations.
Greece: M. Venizelos returns to Athens and succeeds M. Zaimis as Premier.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Artois: British advance astride Souchez river; La Coulotte occupied. In thunderstorm Canadian Corps begins capture of Avion south of Lens (until June 29).
Frankreich: Advance guard of US 1st Division (‘Big Red One’) lands at St Nazaire, France.
(warning, potentially disturbing): The dying huddled with the dead in Falnders’ fields: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...-dead.jpg?ssl=1
British cavalry entering a village near Arras: © IWM (Q 2211): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...314577934213120

Southern Front
Small Italian withdrawal on Mt. Ortigara.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Pacific, General: 8.5 or 8.4 magnitude earthquake occurs southwest of the Samoan Islands causing widespread damage and a tsunami.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Persia: Russians take Serdesht.

Political, etc
Germany: von Bethmann-Hollweg discusses peace chances with new Papal Nuncio Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) who sees Kaiser on June 29; Chancellor ready to recognize Belgium under certain conditions.
United Kingdom: Report of Mesopotamia Commission (Vincent-Bingley Medical Report, June 27) published. The report blames India and India Office most for 1915-16 setbacks.
Chancellor of the Exchequer Bonar Law states the war costs Britain £7.752 million daily.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Western Front, General: First Sopwith Camel aerial victory of Royal Flying Corps (with No 70 Squadron first RFC unit to receive fighter, 3 more squadrons receive it July).
Sopwith Camel chasing a Hannover: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...nting.jpg?ssl=1
Flanders: German ‘Long Max’ 15-inch gun at Luegenboom fires 55 shells at Dunkirk (24-mile range).
Female ambulance drivers from the British Red Cross at Etaples, France: © IWM (Q 2438): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...646767461130242

Southern Front
Austrian attack on Agnello pass repulsed.

Naval and Overseas Operations
French cruiser Kléber sunk by (42 lives lost) sunk off Brest by mines from UC-61.
British transport Armadale (3 dead) sunk in Atlantic.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Egypt: General Edmund Allenby becomes C-in-C EEF replacing Archibald Murray at Cairo.

Political, etc
Germany: Germany announces that Captain Baron Manfred von Richthofen (Red Baron) has shot down his 56th aeroplane yesterday, extending his record.
United Kingdom: British Secretary of State for War Stanley states Britain will not target German cities in reprisal for German attacks on British cities.
United States: U.S. loans to Allied countries pass $1 billion ($20.9 billion today) after it approved new loans to Great Britain and France.
Greece: M. Venizelos assumes power at Athens. Diplomatic relations severed with Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey. Declaration of War by Provisional Government against Germany and Bulgaria of November 23rd, 1916, becomes effective for the whole of Greece. "State of War" also begins between Greece and Austria-Hungary and between Greece and Turkey (see 26th).

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
British advance on two-mile front south of Souchez river. Canadians secure most of Avion; 46th Division clears Hill 65; 15th Infantry Brigade (5th Division) captures position on edge of Oppy Wood under cover of smoke, previous assaults without failed bloodily. The British are now within a mile from Lens.
Germans positions near Oppy carried.
German attack north-west of Verdun; French trenches on Hill 304 captured.
A canteen counter set up inside a hole made by a shell at Blangy-sur-Ternoise: © IWM (Q 5531): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...704673040515072

Eastern Front
Galicia: Preliminary Russian shelling (including Royal Navy Air Service manned trench mortars) from 0400 hours, bridge behind Brzezany blown up.

Naval and Overseas Operations
The Doxa, a Greek destroyer seized by the French Navy, is attacked and sunk by the German submarine UB-47, resulting in 29 deaths.
German Admiralty orders U-boats to act off France and Italy as well as severing Salonika transport route, neutral ships in British convoys to be treated as hostile (June 30).

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary: Czech Socialist memorandum published.
Thousands demonstrate in Budapest, demanding universal, equal, and secret voting rights.
United Kingdom: Since last year, British artillery shell production has increased 4-fold. Since March 1915, the increase is 28 times.
Lord Northcliffe, head of the British war commission, warns the U.S. against the censorship “blunder” Britain committed early in the war.
New Zealand: In recognition of New Zealand's services, "Governor" changed to "Governor-General".
Canada: Canadian Labour MP Alphonse Verville threatens a general strike if Canada institutes a draft without consent of the people.
United States: U.S. Senate passes a bill for daylight saving time, which will start next year.
U.S. Senate begins debating whether or not to ban the brewing of beer for the duration of the war to conserve wheat.
U.S. marines in Pennsylvania on a train to New York, where they will then be shipped to France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...068298569916416

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Flanders: British troops take a mile of trenches south of Oppy, and Canadian troops also advance south of Lens and enter Avion.
Verdun: Germans capture trenches on Hill 304, more fighting west of Mort Homme on June 30.
Aisne: German attacks on Chemin des Dames (until July 1) around Cerny.

Eastern Front
Galicia: Russian Summer Offensive begins (see July 18th). Heavy Russian artillery fire begins targeting Austro-Hungarian and German lines in Galicia in preparation for an offensive.
Kerensky order ‘Your C-in-C (Brusilov), beloved through victory, is convinced that each day of delay merely helps the enemy … I call on the Army, fortified by the strength and spirit of the Revolution, to take the offensive’. Russian II Cavalry Corps forces surrender of 1,500 mutineers from 19th Siberian Division at Kolomea.
Alexander Kerensky in his study: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...enski.jpg?ssl=1

Southern Front
Trentino: Austrian coy retakes Height 6585 (Porta Maora) by surprise descent during night June 29-30.
Dolomites: Austrian attack repulsed.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Announcement that General Allenby has arrived in Egypt and assumed command of Allied forces in succession to General Murray.

Political, etc
United Kingdom: Speech by Mr. Lloyd George at Glasgow.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
France: General Anthoine in command of French First Army in Flanders delivers signal from Petain to Haig: ‘The [BEF] offensive in Flanders must be an unqualified success particularly because of the present state of [French] morale.’
Germany: Ludendorff only now learns of French mutinies when worst is over.
Canadian troops advance on a 4-mile front south of Lens, while German forces make further advances against French lines at Cerny and Verdun.
French soldiers in a cemetery at the ruined village of Mercatel: © IWM (Q 92697): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...728893115727873
A ruined church and calvary hill scene at Ablainzeville: © IWM (Q 78076): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...745246463799297

Eastern Front
Galicia: Heavy artillery action, German reply includes gas. Commander Locker-Lampson sees Kerensky in Southwest Front HQ train ‘Prodigious effort speaking … and making up by personality for … discipline had worn him out’
A German howitzer bombards the Russians: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...sians.jpg?ssl=1

Southern Front
Trentino: Italian Sixth Army losses (since June 10) 23,736 (including 12,735 Alpini); Austrian 8828 soldiers. ‘Ortigara Tragedy’ demoralizes Italian line troops.
Salonika: British 60th Division sails for Egypt. French have to force some of 2,500 Russians after leave at Athens to reembark for Salonika.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Allied and neutral shipping losses 286 ships at 674,458t (U-boat official history figure 696,725t including 164,299t in Mediterranean); 2 U-boats lost, 8 commissioned (record 61 U-boats at sea during June).
Shipping forecasts for Controller Sir J Maclay indicate not enough British shipping for import of necessities by December 1 if 300,000t per month lost, but neutral shipping entrances only 20% down on normal thanks to US war entry and much diplomacy. British merchant fleet has lost 2 1/4 million tons not 3 1/2 million tons German Admiral Holtzendorff hoped.
North Sea: During June Royal Navy lay 1,120 mines in southern half.
USA: Shipping Board recruits 41,977 officers and sailors (until June 30, 1920).
A hospital ship docking in Halifax, Canada with wounded soldiers disembarking: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...426947066638337
East Africa: German forces driven from Nyassaland to the Rovuma border by British and Portuguese.

Political, etc
Russia: Members of the Russian Duma rejects the All-Russian Congress of Soviets’ call for its dissolution.
Soviet delegates leave Russia for Socialist conferences in Stockholm, England, France and Italy.
Greece: New Government severs relations with all Central Powers.
Spain: Neutral Spain re-iterates the ban on all submarines of belligerent powers from entering Spanish waters.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Aisne: Violent bombardment, followed by German attacks in Cerny-Ailles sector (northern Aisne); British claim that German losses are ‘heavy’.
Artois: British 46th Division (First Army) attacks Lievin.
Verdun: French counter-attack northwest of Mort Homme.
Britain claims they took 8,686 German prisoners, 67 artillery guns, 102 mortars, and 345 machine guns on the Western Front in June.
Canadian troops (some wearing captured German helmets) celebrating Dominion Day (now celebrated as Canada Day) in a recently taken village in France: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...117701204303872

Eastern Front
Galicia: “KERENSKY” OR “SECOND BRUSILOV (SUMMER)” OFFENSIVE (until July 18) on 50-mile front astride Brzezany with 31 infantry divisions and 1,328 guns with objective Lemberg. Seventh Army gains little ground and loses it all to Germans by July 6, but Eleventh Army drives 3-mile wedge between opposing armies at Koniuchy. Russians take 10,429 PoWs and 5 guns for 17,339 casualties.
British soldiers and Russian officers in the trenches in Galicia: © IWM (Q 109746): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...086243777413120

Southern Front
Austrians very active in the Trentino. Attacks repulsed by Italians.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Britain: 3,000 British merchant ships have guns; 2,180 guns mounted in 1917 only 190 under 12-pounder (3-inch) calibre. ASW depth charge issue doubled to 4,6 by August. 100-300 used per month during 1917 (production 1,678 per month) against U-boats. Bomb or howitzer thrower (most common 7.5in howitzer) begins to equip 542 warships and 735 merchantmen, able to fire 111-113-lb bombs 650-2600 yards astern or broadside on.
Atlantic: First regular eastbound transatlantic convoy sails from Hampton Roads (Virginia), codelettered HH1. Other regular convoys from Canadian Sydney (Cape Breton), Gibraltar and New York. U-boat attack on US troop convoy defeated. Average of U-boats at sea falls to 41 per day.
British War Painting, The Convoy: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...onvoy.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
Germany: Austrian Emperor Charles state visit to Bavaria and Wurttemberg.
United Kingdom: Announcement in Holland of assurance by Lord Derby that Britain will not strike at Germany through Holland if she remains neutral.
Dadabhai Naoroji, the 2nd Asian man elected as British MP & one of the founders of the Indian National Congress, passed away: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...820788563243008
Italy: Italian Chamber of Deputies votes 361 to 63 in confidence of the government and its conduct of the war.
Belgium: During July Captain Landau (MI1c) takes over 129-strong La Dame Blanche train watching network and crucially expands it by end-September.
United States: 22 U.S. states now have complete prohibition of liquor, as the Reed amendment prohibits transportation of liquor into a “dry” state.
China: Manchu Emperor Hsuan-Fung restored (see June 6th, 1916 and July 6th and 7th, 1917).
Switzerland: During July Sir Basil Zahroff meets Enver Pasha and Abdal Karim (Colonel Frobenius) in Switzerland and offers $1.5m for Turkey to sign separate peace, but refused.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
British advance towards Lens is checked, with Germany taking 175 prisoners and 17 machine guns.
The remains of the village of Le Transloy, France: © IWM (Q 61269): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...480087639556097
British airplanes bomb Bruges.
German attacks repulsed north of the Aisne.

Eastern Front
Galicia: “Kerensky” Or “Second Brusilov (Summer)” Offensive: The Czechoslovak Legion sees its first major engagement at Zborov & capture Austro-Hungarian lines as part of the Kerensky Offensive.
Russia claims the capture of 6,300 Central Powers soldiers, 21 artillery guns, and 16 machine guns today.
General Brusilov on the current offensive: “A decisive battle has begun, on which depends the fate of the liberty of the Russian people.”

Naval and Overseas Operations
First regular convoy of merchant ships sails from Hampton Roads (Va.) [Experimental convoys had been tried in May. Convoys outward from Great Britain did not start till August.] (see May 17th and June 14th).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turkey: German c.6500-strong Asia Corps (3 battalions, 3 cavalry troops, 18 guns, 18 MGs, 12 mortars, 4 air squadrons) formed, as elite help under Colonel Frankenburg for Turks.
German-Turkish patrol in the desert. The ‘Asia Corps’ is the predecessor of Rommel’s Afrika Korps in WW2: https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...korps.jpg?ssl=1

Political, etc
Austria-Hungary: Kaiser (told first US troops have landed in France) and Ludendorff in Vienna War Council.
Emperor grants amnesty to all condemned by emergency military courts (2,593 freed by July 31).
United Kingdom: King and Queen at ‘1867 Canadian Federation Jubilee Service’, Westminster Abbey.
United States: Following weeks of violence & tensions in East St. Louis, 2 white police officers are killed, allegedly by unidentified African American assailants. A mob of whites then invades African American districts, killing and lynching 40-200 blacks and burning hundreds of homes.
15,000 New York blacks stage silent protest march in support of the St Louis strikes.
Poland: Pilsudski resigns and refuses loyalty oath to Germany (arrested July 22; Polish Legions broken up and 5,000 interned for refusing oath on July 9).
Greece: NEW GOVERNMENT DECLARES WAR ON CENTRAL POWERS.
Netherlands: Agreement signed at The Hague for the exchange of combatant and civilian British and German prisoners of war (see May 13th, 1916).
Riots occur Amsterdam over the shortage of potatoes, resulting in casualties as mobs clash with police.
China: President of China Li Yuanhong, trapped in Peking by monarchist forces, refuses to resign in favor of the restored Emperor Puyi.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Aisne: German attack on a front of 11 miles north of the Aisne ‘repulsed with heavy loss’.
German attacks towards Verdun repulsed.
British air raid on Belgian towns.
Interior of a destroyed church at Grevillers, France: © IWM (Q 61213): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...858836872785920
German infantryman of an assault unit wearing full trench body armor: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...rmour.jpg?ssl=1

Eastern Front
Galicia: “Kerensky” Or “Second Brusilov (Summer)” Offensive:
Russian attack of Brzezany fails.
Russian Eleventh Army has taken 14,000 PoWs and over 30 guns so far, but slow reserves prevent exploitation.
Artillery activity growing in the Stokhod area.

Southern Front
Austro-Hungarian troops launch attacks against Italian lines on the Carso and claim the capture of 272 prisoners.
Dardanelles: 9 Royal Navy Air Service aircraft open night bombing offensive from Mudros against Gallipoli (also raids on July 8, 11, 15).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Troops of the Arab Revolt on camels near Maan, Jordan: © IWM (Q 59158): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...828636755730432
Arabia: Lawrence’s 450 Arabs destroy Turkish battalion (460 casualties) at Abu-el-Lissal; 120 Turks at Guweira surrender to Sheikh Ibn Jad.

Political, etc
United Kingdom: Statement in House of Lords by Lord Hardinge (Ex-Viceroy of India) on report of Mesopotamia Commission.
Netherlands: Amsterdam dock workers go on strike to protest food shortages. Demonstrations and riots continue in the city.
China: Chinese President Li Yuanhong seeks refuge in the Japanese embassy to oppose Zhang Xun’s restoration of Emperor Puyi.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
18 of 25 Gotha bombers (Captain Kleine) sent to attack Harwich and Felixstowe (Royal Navy Air Service Station damaged, 4 civilian casualties, 43 service casualties (17 killed, 30 injured). 5 Sopwith Camels from Dunkirk attack homeward-bound Gothas without success. 21 Gothas (1 lost to Bristol fighter off Ostend) repeat, raid on July 22 when 122 fighters ascend to no avail, 1 Gotha crashes on landing.
German attacks north of the Aisne against British forces and at Verdun against French lines are repulsed.

Eastern Front
Galicia: “Kerensky” Or “Second Brusilov (Summer)” Offensive: Kerensky Offensive slows down and the Russian advance towards the town of Brzezany (Berezhany) is halted due to heavy casualties.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Ponta Delgada (Azores) shelled by a German submarine.
Concerted attack by German submarines on United States transports defeated. (Note: this is the third report of this, and given the way submarines were operated, a “concerted”, or IOW, co-ordinated, attack would have been difficult to achieve. It is likely that only one of these three types of attacks was actually attempted, and I have no idea which one, if any, actually occurred.)
North Sea: Redesigned light battlecruiser HMS Furious joins Grand Fleet (rebuilt since March 19) as carrier with 10 aircraft.
Aircraft carrier HMS Furious with a Sea Scout Z anti-submarine balloon on its rear flight deck: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...rious.jpg?ssl=1
Baltic: Dreadnought battleship Petropavlosk at Helsinki issues anti-government ultimatum threatening to sail and shell Petrograd.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turkish cavalry reconnaissance from Beersheba (Palestine); shelled and forced to retreat.

Political, etc
France: Pershing leads 14,500 US troops through Paris; Captain Charles E Stanton says at Piepus Cemetery ‘Lafayette, we are here!’.
King George V and Queen Mary arrive in Calais to visit the Western Front: © IWM (Q 5580): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...889033697284096
United States: Liberty air engine sent to Washington tests (publicly passed on September 12).
China: Chinese Republican forces, opposing Puyi's restoration to the throne, begin surrounding monarchist troops in Peking.
Argentina: Government protests against U-boat torpedoing of 2 ships. German Ambassador Count Luxburg using Swedish Legation to contact Berlin.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Flanders: Slight British advance south of Ypres. Artillery duels on the Aisne and in Champagne.
Queen Mary inspecting Bristol Fighter planes at the aerodrome at Saint-Omer: © IWM (Q 11848): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...596224532197377

Eastern Front
Galicia: “Kerensky” Or “Second Brusilov (Summer)” Offensive: German and Austro-Hungarian forces launch probing attacks against Russian forces around Brzezany (Berezhany).

Naval and Overseas Operations
A squadron of the German High Seas Fleet in Wilhelmshaven: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...haven.jpg?ssl=1
German submarine SM UC-7, credited with sinking 32 ships, goes missing, presumably sunk. UB-12 sighted a submarine believed to be UC-7 on 5 July, west of the Bligh Bank, 46km (29mi) from Ostend. The submarine in question was reported to be on a course that would run it into a minefield, and Verschollen notes that the time and place would be correct if UC-7 were returning to base. The bodies of two crew members were later washed ashore on the coast of Flanders on 19 July. There was also a claim that UC-7 was sunk by HMS Salmon on 7 July off Southwold, but this was doubted since the reported position was too far off UC-7's operating area.
British destroyer mined in North Sea (announced), 18 survivors. (Note: I am unsure if this refers to HMS Cheerful or HMS Tartar, both of which struck mines the previous month).

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Arabia: Lawrence confronts 300 Turks from Aqaba who reject two surrender summons.
South Persia: Action at Kafta (north of Shiraz): 250 British soldiers defeat 500 tribesmen and storm fort.
Improvement in comfort and health of troops in Mesopotamia announced.

Political, etc
Germany: Hunger and coaling strike by ratings beginning with High Seas Fleet flagship secures the establishment of food supervisory committees aboard most ships during July.
Kaiser Wilhelm declares that German POWs who did not surrender voluntarily will be awarded the Iron Cross.
Reichstag opens.
Russia: Reval naval base ‘Death Battalion’ leaves for front.
France: Bonnet Rouge editor arrested, paper suspended on July 12.
French Marshal Joffre and US General Pershing at the Les Invalides, Paris: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...262803771518977
United States: Due to debt troubles, demolition of Nikola Tesla’s Wardenclyffe tower begins so it can be sold for scrap: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...294245905879040
China: Anti-monarchist Chinese forces capture the Peking-Tientsin railway in the fight to oppose the restoration of Emperor Puyi.
Sweden: Belgian Socialists announce at Stockholm their determination to make no peace with German Imperialism.

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

Western Front
Aerial activity south of Ypres.
German towns bombed by French aeroplanes.
Guynemer scores first victory with his new 37-mm Puteaux cannon-armed Spad S.12, DFW downed with a single shot (Fonck achieves 6 kills with this powerful but dangerous recoil weapon). Germans bomb RNAS Bray Dunes airfield, damage 12 aircraft (night July 6-7). Richthofen wounded in air combat by FE26 of No 20 Suadron Royal Flying Corps, out of action for 6 weeks, but JG1 scores 9 victories without loss on July 7 under Captain W Reinhard.
Manfred von Richthofen, the ace of the aces, recovers from his head injury: https://i1.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...undet.jpg?ssl=1
Flanders: Germans fire 300,000 shells of high explosive and gas at new British Yser bridgeheads taken over from French (until July 10).
Pershing tells Washington that a million men must be sent to France by May 1918.

Eastern Front
Galicia: “Kerensky” Or “Second Brusilov (Summer)” Offensive: Russian attack Austro-Hungarian lines in Galicia spreading in region of Stanislau.
Heavy fighting near Brzezany. Russians claim 7,000 PoWs; 48 guns and Jutrena Gora summit by July 8, only German reserves stem rout.

Naval and Overseas Operations
British destroyer HMS Itchen torpedoed and sunk in North Sea, 8 lost.
US submarines in the Gatun Lock of the Panama Canal: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...656636552327169

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Aqaba (Arabia) occupied by Arab forces. 300 Turks surrender to Lawrence’s 2,500 Arabs, 130 miles from Allenby’s front. Lawrence leaves with 8 camel riders to cross Sinai and get food ship from Suez (arrives on July 8).

Political, etc
Germany: Crisis in Germany owing to the demand in the Reichstag for reforms in domestic and foreign policy and a peace without annexations or indemnities.
Germany lifts travel restrictions on American citizens living in the country, who can now travel without a permit.
France: King George V watching a tank display at Neuve Eglise: © IWM (Q 6435): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...626430563209217
Canada: Second reading of Conscription Bill in Canada carried.
Netherlands: In Amsterdam, riot caused by potato shortages is ended when the army shoots at the crowd, killing 9 and wounding 114.
China: Li-Yuan-Hung, President of China, resigns and is succeeded by Feng-Kuo-Chang (see June 6th, 1916, July 7th, 1917 and October 11th, 1918).

__________________
On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.

I continue to find these reports very interesting. I'm so glad you've been keeping these up, gg. Fascinating to read these daily accounts ... almost like you were living at the time and following the progress of the war.

Western Front
Britain: Severe airplane raid on England. 22 Gotha bombers (2 lost including 1 shot down, 3 written off in crash landings on return; another source claims 11 German airplanes accounted for.) attack London and Margate with 4.3t bombs on City and East End (roof of St Martin’s-le-Grand GPO hit and Ironmongers’ Hall; more than £200,000 damage). 108 defence sorties (20 or so engage, 145 civilian casualties, 5 service casualties; another source puts casualties at 250). Anti-foreigner riots in East End, shops smashed. Cabinet meets Prime Minister (again on July 9), sanctions 3 more home defence squadrons, No 46 withdrawn from France, 24 Sopwith Camels not sent (until August 30). (See November 28th, and August 22nd, 1916 and May 19th and July 20th, 1918).
Germany: French raid Essen and other towns in reprisal for bombing of Nancy and Epernay.
Preparing bombs on a Gotha bomber: https://i2.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...mbing.jpg?ssl=1
The Central Telegraph Office in London burning after being hit by a German Gotha bomber: https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...265639753945088
British airplanes bomb Ghistelles (Belgium).
France: Minor French gains on the Aisne (German attacks repulsed on July 8 and 9) and at Verdun.
Flanders: 2,174 British guns concentrated.
Also a supplement, somehow missed yesterday:
Richthofen sustained a serious head wound on 6 July 1917, during combat near Wervicq against a formation of FE 2d two seat fighters of 20 Squadron, RFC, causing instant disorientation and temporary partial blindness. He regained his vision in time to ease the aircraft out of a spin and execute a forced landing in a field in friendly territory. The injury required multiple operations to remove bone splinters from the impact area. The air victory was credited to Captain Donald Cunnell of No. 20, who was killed by German anti-aircraft fire a few days later on 12 July 1917 near Wervicq, Belgium; his observer Lt. A. G. Bill successfully flew the airplane back to base. The Red Baron returned to active service against doctor's orders on 25 July, but went on convalescent leave from 5 September to 23 October. His wound is thought to have caused lasting damage; he later often suffered from post-flight nausea and headaches, as well as a change in temperament. There is even a theory linking this injury with his eventual death.

Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
T.E. Lawrence, along with 8 others, head out into the Sinai Desert to inform the British army in Egypt of the victory at Aqaba

Political, etc
Germany: Kaiser in Berlin approves Prussian Parliament voting on equal francise, orders bill’s preparation (July 11).
France: King George V, Queen Elisabeth of Belgium, Queen Mary of Teck, & King Albert I of Belgium at Tramecourt Chateau today: © IWM (Q 2546): https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...283257789480960
French newsreel showing Prince Alexander of Serbia on the Salonika Front and other news: http://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/index/45413
French Government affirm their right of control in respect of army services.

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On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.