Western Front
British advance towards Lens is checked, with Germany taking 175 prisoners and 17 machine guns.
The remains of the village of Le Transloy, France: © IWM (Q 61269):
https://twitter.com/CenturyAgoToday...480087639556097
British airplanes bomb Bruges.
German attacks repulsed north of the Aisne.
Eastern Front
Galicia: “Kerensky” Or “Second Brusilov (Summer)” Offensive: The Czechoslovak Legion sees its first major engagement at Zborov & capture Austro-Hungarian lines as part of the Kerensky Offensive.
Russia claims the capture of 6,300 Central Powers soldiers, 21 artillery guns, and 16 machine guns today.
General Brusilov on the current offensive: “A decisive battle has begun, on which depends the fate of the liberty of the Russian people.”
Naval and Overseas Operations
First regular convoy of merchant ships sails from Hampton Roads (Va.) [Experimental convoys had been tried in May. Convoys outward from Great Britain did not start till August.] (see May 17th and June 14th).
Asiatic and Egyptian Theaters
Turkey: German c.6500-strong Asia Corps (3 battalions, 3 cavalry troops, 18 guns, 18 MGs, 12 mortars, 4 air squadrons) formed, as elite help under Colonel Frankenburg for Turks.
German-Turkish patrol in the desert. The ‘Asia Corps’ is the predecessor of Rommel’s Afrika Korps in WW2:
https://i0.wp.com/ww2-weapons.com/w...korps.jpg?ssl=1
Political, etc
Austria-Hungary: Kaiser (told first US troops have landed in France) and Ludendorff in Vienna War Council.
Emperor grants amnesty to all condemned by emergency military courts (2,593 freed by July 31).
United Kingdom: King and Queen at ‘1867 Canadian Federation Jubilee Service’, Westminster Abbey.
United States: Following weeks of violence & tensions in East St. Louis, 2 white police officers are killed, allegedly by unidentified African American assailants. A mob of whites then invades African American districts, killing and lynching 40-200 blacks and burning hundreds of homes.
15,000 New York blacks stage silent protest march in support of the St Louis strikes.
Poland: Pilsudski resigns and refuses loyalty oath to Germany (arrested July 22; Polish Legions broken up and 5,000 interned for refusing oath on July 9).
Greece: NEW GOVERNMENT DECLARES WAR ON CENTRAL POWERS.
Netherlands: Agreement signed at The Hague for the exchange of combatant and civilian British and German prisoners of war (see May 13th, 1916).
Riots occur Amsterdam over the shortage of potatoes, resulting in casualties as mobs clash with police.
China: President of China Li Yuanhong, trapped in Peking by monarchist forces, refuses to resign in favor of the restored Emperor Puyi.